References cited in articles in this section of FAIRWAYiS

• Adams, C. D., Randtke, S. J. (1992): Ozonation byproducts of atrazine in synthetic and natural waters. Environmental Science and Technology, 26(11), 2218-2227. https://doi.org/10.1021/es00035a022
• Adriaanse, P.I. (1996): Fate of pesticides in field ditches: the TOXSWA simulation model SC-DLO. Report 90, 241 p.
• Adriaanse, P.I. (1997): Exposure assessment of pesticides in field ditches: the TOXSWA model. Extended summary SCI Pesticide Group Meeting Ecotoxicology of Organic Compounds in the Aquatic Environment. Pestic. Sci. 49, 210-212.
• Agreste (2010): Pratique culturale 2006. Les Dossiers, n°8. 77p.
• Agreste (2017): Pratiques culturales en arboriculture –Campagne 2015. Chiffre et données N°245, 56p.
• Agreste (2017a): Pratiques culturales en viticulture –Campagne 2013. Chiffre et données N°243, 32p.
• Aguilar, J.B.; Orban, P.; Dassargues, A.; Brouyère, S. (2007): Identification of groundwater quality trends in a chalk aquifer threatened by intensive agriculture in Belgium. Hydrogeology Journal. 2007, 15, 1615-1627.
• Aimon-Marié, F., Angevin, F., Guichard, L, (2001): Une méthode agronomique pour apprécier les risques de pollution diffuse par les nitrates d’origin agricole. Chambre d’Agricultre de Charente Maritime. La Rocelle, 29.
• Alim M.R., Wum Y., Hanm T., Zangm X., Xiaom H., Tangm Y., Wum R., Fernandezm F.M., El-Sayedm M.A. (2016): Simultaneous time-dependent surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, metabolomics, and proteomics reveal cancer cell death mechanisms associated with gold nanorod photothermal therapy. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 138 15434-15442.
• Aller, L., Bennett, T., Lehr, J. H., Petty, R. J., Hackett, G. (1987): DRASTIC : A Standardized Method for Evaluating Ground Water Pollution Potential Using Hydrogeologic Settings. NWWA/Epa-600/2-87-035, 455.
• Andert, S., Bürger, J., Stein, S., Gerowitt, B. (2016): The influence of crop sequence on fungicide and herbicide use intensities in North German arable farming. European journal of agronomy 77, 81-89.
• Andreoli, E., Annibaldi, V., Rooney, D.A., Liao, K.-S., Alley, N.J., Curran, S.A., Breslin, C.B. (2011): Electrochemical Conversion of Copper-Based Hierarchical Micro/Nanostructures to Copper Metal Nanoparticles and Their Testing in Nitrate Sensing. Electroanalysis 23, 2164–2173.
• Appel, T., Fritsch, F. (2015): Nitratauswaschung nach Körnerraps in Abhängigkeit vom Strohmanagement und der Stoppelbearbeitung. VDLUFA-Schriftenreihe Band 71/2015,170-177.
• Aravamudhan, S., Bhansali, S. (2013): Development of Micro-Fluidic Nitrate-Selective Sensor Based On Polypyrrole Nanowires. Sensors and Actuators B Chemical 132, 623-630.
• Arias-Estévez, M., López-Periago, E., Martínez-Carballo, E., Simal-Gándara, J., Mejuto, J.-C., García-Río, L. (2008): The mobility and degradation of pesticides in soils and the pollution of groundwater resources. Agriculture. Ecosystems and Environment 123, 247-260.
• Arondel, C., Girardin, P. (2000): Sorting cropping systems on the basis of their impact on groundwater quality. European Journal of Operational Research 127, 467-482.
• Aveline, A., Rousseau, M.L., Guichard, L., Laurent, M., Bockstaller, C. (2009): Evaluating an environmental indicator: case study of MERLIN, an assessment method of the risk of nitrate leaching. Agricultural Systems 100, 22-30.
• Azmi, A., Azman, A.A., Ibrahim, S., Yunus, MAM (2017): Techniques in advancing the capabilities of various nitrate detection methods: a review. International journal on smart sensing and intelligent systems 10.
• Bach, M. (1987): Die potentielle Nitratbelastung des Sickerwassers durch die Landwirtschaft in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Götinger Bodenkundliche Berichte 93, 1-186.
• Bailey, G. W., and White, J. L. (1970): Factors influencing the adsorption, desorption, and movement of pesticides in soil. Residue reviews 32, 29-92.
• Ballabio, C., Panagos, P., Monatanarella, L. (2016): Mapping topsoil physical properties at European scale using the LUCAS database. (Geoderma 261 (2016) 110–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.07.006
• Banning, H., Bialek, K., Czub, G., Müller, A., Pickl, C., Scheithauer, M., Straus, G., Tüting, W. (2018): Empfehlungsliste für das Monitoring von Pflanzenschutzmittel-Metaboliten in deutschen Grundwässern. Stand: 14. August 2018. https://www.dvgw.de/medien/dvgw/wasser/ressourcen/uba_empfehlungsliste_monitoring_psm-metaboliten_08-2018.pdf
• Banton, O., Villeneuve, J. P. (1989): Evaluation of groundwater vulnerability to pesticides: A comparison between the pesticide drastic index and the PRZM leaching quantities. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 4(3), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7722(89)90013-2
• Banzhaf, S., Schaap, M, Kranenburg, R, Manders, A.M.M., Segers, A.J., Visschedijk, A.J.H., Denier van der Gon, H.A.C., Kuenen, J.J.P., van Meijgaard, E., van Ulft, L.H., Cofala, J., Builtjes, P.J.H. (2015): Dynamic model evaluation for secondary inorganic aerosol and its precursors over Europe between 1990 and 2009. Geoscientific Model Development 8, 1047-1070.
• Barzman, M., and Dachbrodt‐Saaydeh, S. (2011). Comparative analysis of pesticide action plans in five European countries. Pest management science 67, 1481-1485.
• Basset-Mens, C., van der Werf, H.M.G. (2005): Scenario-based environmental assessment of farming systems: the case of pig production in France. Agr Ecosyst Environ 105:127144.
• Bechmann, M., Stalnacke, P., Kværnø, S., Eggestad, H.O., Øygarden, L., (2009): Integrated tool for risk assessment in agricultural management of soil erosion and losses of phosphorus and nitrogen. Science of the Total Environment 407 749-759.
• Beckie, H. J., Sikkema, P. H., Soltani, N., Blackshaw, R. E., and Johnson, E. N. (2014): Environmental Impact of Glyphosate-Resistant Weeds in Canada. Weed Science 62, 385-392.
• Beisecker, R.; Piegholdt, C.; Seith, T.; Helbing, F. (2015): Abschätzung der standortspezifischen Stickstoffnachlieferung zur Optimierung der gewässerschonenden Stickstoffdüngung (Abschlussbericht). Band 1: Kurzfassungen. DVGW e.V., Bonn (Hrsg.). 58 S.
• Benbrook, C. M., Sexson, D. L., Wyman, J. A., Stevenson, W. R., Lynch, S., Wallendal, J., Diercks, S., Van Haren, R., and Granadino, C. A. (2002): Developing a pesticide risk assessment tool to monitor progress in reducing reliance on high-risk pesticides. American Journal of Potato Research 79, 183-199.
• Bendikov, T.A., Harmon, T.C. (2005): A Sensitive Nitrate Ion-Selective Electrode An Analytical Laboratory Experiment. Journal of Chemical Education 82, 439-441.
• Benoit, M., Garnier, J., Anglade, J., Billen, G. (2014): Nitrate leaching from organic and conventional arable crop farms in the Seine Basin (France). Nutrient Cycling In Agroecosystems 100,3 285-299.
• Besnard, A., Kerveillant, P. (2006): Effet et devenir de l'azote d'un couvert végétal enfoui dans une succession blé-mais. In: Merot, P. (Ed.), Qualité de l'eau en milieu rural: Savoirs et pratiques dans les bassins versants. INRA,145-150.
• Bethke, C. M., Johnson, T. M. (2008): Groundwater Age and Groundwater Age Dating. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 36(1), 121–152. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.36.031207.124210
• Beven, K., Germann, P. (1982): Macropores and water flow in soils. Water Resources Research, 18(5), 1311–1325. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR018i005p01311
• Beza, E., Steinke, J., van Etten, J., Reidsma, P., Fadda, C., Mittra, S., Mathur, P., Kooistra, L. (2017): What are the prospects for citizen science in agriculture? Evidence from three continents on motivation and mobile telephone use of resource-poor farmers. PLoS ONE 12(5), 1-26
• Bhamore, J.R., Ganguly, P., Kailasa, S.K., (2016): Molecular assembly of 3-mercaptopropinonic acid and guanidine acetic acid on silver nanoparticles for selective colorimetric detection of triazophos in water and food samples, Sens. Actuators B 233 486-495.
• Binder, C.R., Feola, G., Steinberger, J.K. (2010): Considering the normative, systemic and procedural dimensions in indicator-based sustainability assessments in agriculture. Environ Impact Asses 30:71–81.
• BMUB, BMEL (2017): Nitratbericht 2016; Gemeinsamer Bericht der Bundesministerien für Umwelt, Naturschutz, Bau und Reaktorsicherheit sowie für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft. 138 p.
• Bockstaller, C., Girardin, P. (2001): “IN”, an indicator to assess nitrogen losses in cropping systems. 11th Nitrogen Workshop. INRA, Reims 419-420.
• Bockstaller, C., Girardin, P. (2003): How to validate environmental indicators. Agricultural systems 76, 639-653.
• Bockstaller, C., Guichard, L., Keichinger, O., Girardin, P., Galan, M.B., Gaillard, G. (2009): Comparison of methods to assess the sustainability of agricultural systems. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 29, 223-235.
• Bockstaller, C., Guichard, L., Makowski, D., Aveline, A., Girardin, P., Plantureux, S. (2008): Agri-environmental indicators to asses cropping and farming systems. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 28 (2008), 139-149.
• Bohner, A., Buchmeier, G., Diepolder, M., Gassner, H., Klug, H., Krautenbacher, B., Löschenbrand, F., Oehler, R., Schinagl, H.-P., Staudinger, B., Wendland, M. (2007): Ergebnisse des Projektes „SeenLandWirtschaft“: Landwirtschaft und Gewässerschutz in Grünlandregionen des bayerisch-österreichischen Alpenvorlandes. Projektlaufzeit 2004-2007. Hrsg.: Regierung von Oberbayern und HBLFA Raumberg-Gumpenstein. 22 p. http://www.alf-ts.bayern.de/mam/cms10/aelf-ts/landwirtschaft/dateien/landwirtschaft.pdf
• Böhrnsen, A. (2017): Gülle-Nährstoffe dokumentieren und kartieren. profi-6/2017. Sonderdruck https://www.deere.de/de_DE/docs/industry/agriculture/our_offer/archives/2017/06_2017_PROFI_Manure%20Sensing.pdf (access: 12.09.2018)
• Bonmatin, J.M., Giorio, C., Girolami, V., Goulson, D., Kreutzweiser, D.P., Krupke, C., et al. (2015): Environmental fate and exposure; neonicotinoids and fipronil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2015; 22: 35-67.
• Bradshaw, B. (2003): Questioning the credibility and capacity of community-based resource management. The Canadian Geographer, 47, 137–150.
• Buczko, U., Kuchenbuch, R.O., Lennartz, B. (2010): Assessment of the predictive quality of simple indicator approaches for nitrate leaching from agricultural fields. Environmental Management 91 (2010) 1305-1315.
• Buczko, U., Kuchenbuch, R.O. (2010a): Environmental indicators to assess the risk of diffuse nitrogen losses from agriculture. Environmental Management (2010) 45:1201–1222.
• Bunzel, K., Liess, M., Kattwinkel, M. (2014): Landscape parameters driving aquatic pesticide exposure and effects. Environmental pollution 186, 90-97.
• Bürger, J., Gerowitt, B. (2009): Anwendungsmuster von Pflanzenschutzmitteln in Winterweizen und Winterraps. Gesunde Pflanzen 61, 11-17.
• Busa, L.S.A., Mohammadi, S., Maeki, M., Ishida, A., Tani, H., Tokeshi, M. (2016): Advances in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices for Food and Water Analysis. Micromachines 7, 86.
• Busenberg, E., Plummer, N. L. (1992): Use of chlorofluoromethanes (CCl3F and CCl2F2) as hydrologic tracers and age-dating tolls: Example-The alluvium and terrace system of Central Oklahoma. Water Resour. Res. 28, 2257-2283 .
• Calvo-López, A., Arasa-Puig, E., Puyol, M., Manel, J., Alonso-Chamarro, J. (2013): Analytica Chimica Acta Biparametric potentiometric analytical microsystem for nitrate and potassium monitoring in water recycling processes for manned space missions. Analytica Chimica Acta 804, 190-196.
• Can, F., Korkut Ozoner, S., Ergenekon, P., Erhan, E., (2012): Amperometric nitrate biosensor based on Carbon nanotube/Polypyrrole/Nitrate reductase biofilm electrode. Materials Science and Engineering C 32, 18-23.
• Cannavo, P., https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0065211307000041 - ! Parnaudeau,V., Reau, R. (2008): Modeling N Dynamics to Assess Environmental Impacts of Cropped Soils. Advances in Agronomy, 97,131-174.
• Carter, A. (2000): How pesticides get into water - and proposed reduction measures. Pesticide Outlook, 11(4), 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1039/b006243j
• Ceplecha, Z.L., Waskom, R.M., Bauder, T.A., Sharkoff, J.L., Khosla, R. (2004): Vulnerability assessments of Colorado ground water to nitrate contamination. Water, Air, and Soil pollution 159(1), 373-394.
• Chambres d’agricultures France (2018): Plan Ecophyto 2. https://chambres-agriculture.fr/agriculteur-et-politiques/ecophyto/plan-ecophyto-2/#content (access: 30.07.2018)
• Chang, Z., Zhu Y., Zhang, L., Du. S. (2013): Measurement Experiment and Mathematical Model of Nitrate Ion Selective Electrode. In: Third International Conference on Instrumentation, Measurement, Computer, Communication and Control, 48–52.
• Chen, L.Y., Wang, C.W., Yuan, Z.Q., Chang, H.T. (2015): Fluorescent gold nanoclusters: recent advances in sensing and imaging. Anal. Chem. 87 216-229.
• Chen, N.Y., Liu, H.Y., Zhang, Y.J., Zhou, Z.W., Fan, W.P., Yu, G.C., Shen, Z.Y., Wu, A.G., (2018): A colorimetric sensor based on citrate-stabilized AuNPs for rapid pesticide residue detection of terbuthylazine and dimethoate. Sens. Actuators B 255 3093-3101.
• Chiron, S., Fernandez-Alba, A., Rodriguez, A., and Garcia-Calvo, E. (2000): Pesticide chemical oxidation: State-of-the-art. Water Research, 34(2), 366–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00173-6
• Cialla-May, D., Zheng, X.S., Weber, K., Popp J. (2017): Recent progress in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy for biological and biomedical applications: from cells to clinics. Chem. Soc. Rev. 46 3945-3961.
• COMIFER (2013): Calcul de la fertilisation azotée - Guide méthodologique pour la prescriptions locales- Cultures annuelles et prairies. COMIFER - Groupe Azote. 159p.
• Conrad, C. (2007): Community-Based Monitoring and the Science of Water Quality. In: Water Quality and Sediment Behaviour of the Future: Predictions for the 21st Century, Webb, B.W. and de Boer, D.H., (Eds.) International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) Publication 314. IAHS, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK, 217–228.
• Conrad, C., Hilchey, K. (2011): A review of citizen science and community-based environmental monitoring: issues and opportunities. Environ Monit Assess 176, 273-291.
• Conrad, C.T., Daoust, T. (2008): Community-Based Monitoring Frameworks: Increasing the Effectiveness of Environmental Stewardship. Environmental Management, 41(3): 358-366.
• CORPEN (2006): Des indicateurs d’azote pour gérer des actions de maîtrise des pollutions à l’échelle de la parcelle, de l’exploitation et du territoire. Ministère de l’Écologie et du Développement Durable, Paris. http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/DGALN_2006_09_ azote_indicateur.pdf (access: 25.07.2018).
• Cross, P. (2012): Pesticide hazard trends in orchard fruit production in Great Britain from 1992 to 2008: a time-series analysis. Pest Management Science 69, 768-774.
• Cuny, H., Wery, J., Gaufres, F. (1998): A simple indicator for diagnosing nitrate leaching risk below root zone using the Tensionic tensiometers. Agronomie 18 (1998), 521-535.
• DAFM, Pesticide Control Division (2013): Pesticide Usage in Ireland; Grassland and fodder crops survey report. 66 pp.
• Dangles, O., Carpio, F.C., Villares, M., Yumisaca, F., Liger, B., Rebaudo, F., Silvain, J-F. (2010): Community-based participatory research helps farmers and scientists to manage invasive pests in the Ecuadorian Andes. Ambio 39 (4), 325-335
• De Jong, F.M.W., De Snoo, G.R. (2002): A comparison of the environmental impact of pesticide use in integrated and conventional potato cultivation in The Netherlands. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 91, 5-13.
• De Jong, R., Yang, J.Y., Drury, C.F., Huffman, E.C., Kirkwood, V., Yang, X.M. (2007): The indicator of risk of water contamination by nitrate nitrogen. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 87, 179-188.
• Delgado, J.A., Shaffer, M., Hu, C., Lavado, R., Cueto-Wong, J., Joosse, P., Sotomayor, D., Colon, W., Follett, R., Del Grosso, S., Li, X., Rimski- Korsakov, H. (2008): An index approach to assess nitrogen losses to the environment. Ecological Engineering 32,108-120.
• Destatis (2018): Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Fischerei, Wachstum und Ernte - Feldfrüchte - 2017 https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/Thematisch/LandForstwirtschaft/ErnteFeldfruechte/FeldfruechteJahr2030321177164.pdf?__blob=publicationFile (access: 01.08.2018)
• DG AGRI (2000): Guidance Document on Persistence in Soil (Working Document Fate). VI B II.1 9188/VI/97 rev. 8,12.07.2000 https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/plant/docs/pesticides_ppp_app-proc_guide_fate_soil-persistance.pdf (access: 22.08.2018)
• DG SANCO (2002): Guidance document on the assessment oft he relevance of metabolites in in groundwater of substances regulated under council directive. Sanco/221/2000 –rev.10- final 25 February 2003. https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/plant/docs/pesticides_ppp_app-proc_guide_fate_metabolites-groundwtr.pdf (access: 23.08.2018)
• DIN 4049-3 (2010): Hydrology - Part 3: Terms fort he quantitative Hydrology 02.07 Depth to the Water Table (Edition 2010). https://standards.globalspec.com/std/842254/din-4049-3
• Ding, S.Y., Yi, J., Li, J.F., Ren, B., Wu, D.Y., Panneerselvam, R., Tian Z.Q. (2016): Nanostructure-based plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for surface analysis of materials. Nat. Rev. Mater. 1 16021.
• Doublet, S., Le Gall, P. (2013): NOPOLU-Agri. Outil de spatialisation des pressions de l'agriculture. Méthodologie et résultats pour les surplus d'azote et les émissions des gaz à effet de serre. Campagne 2010-2011. Document de travail n° 14, 108pp
• DLG (2014): Bilanzierung der Nährstoffausscheidungen landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt, 2. Auflage, 122 p.
• Dubus, I., Surdyk, N. (2006): State-of-the-art review on pesticide fate models and environmental indicators. Report DL 4, 39.
• DüV (2017): Düngeverordnung vom 26. Mai 2017.BGBl. I, 1305 pp.
• EAA (2014): Digest of EEA indicators 2014. EEA Technical report No 8/2014, 44 pp. https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/digest-of-eea-indicators-2014/file (access: 20.02.2018)
• EAA (2018): Glossary - List of environmental terms used by EEA. matrixhttps://www.eea.europa.eu/help/glossary#c4=10andc0=allandb_start=0andc2=dpsir (access: 20.02.2018).
• European Commisison (2003): Regulation (EC) No 2003/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 relating to fertilisers. Official Journal of the European Union L 304/1. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32003R2003andqid=1525852858905
• European Commission (2008): Regulation (EC) No 1165/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 concerning livestock and meat statistics and repealing Council Directives 93/23/EEC, 93/24/EEC and 93/25/EEC. Official Journal of the European Union L 321/1. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32008R1165andfrom=EN
• EC (2016): Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) Official Journal of the European Union L 119/1
• EEA (2005). Agriculture and environment in EU-15 — the IRENA indicator report. Agriculture and Environment.
• EEA (2005): Agriculture and environment in EU-15 — the IRENA indicator report. Agriculture and Environment.
• EEA (2018a): Groundwater bodies: Pollutants. https://tableau.discomap.eea.europa.eu/t/Wateronline/views/WISE_SOW_gwPollutant/GWB_gwPollutant_Europe_G?:embed=yand:showAppBanner=falseand:showShareOptions=trueand:display_count=noand:showVizHome=no (access: 13.7.2018)
• EEA, (2014) : Effects of air pollution on European ecosystems: Past and future exposure of European freshwater and terrestrial habitats to acidifying and eutrophying air pollutants. EEA Technical report No 11/2014; European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark; ISBN 978-92-9213-463-1; ISSN 1725-2237; doi:10.2800/18365.
• Eitzel, M. V., Cappadonna, J.L., Santos-Lang, C., Duerr, R.E. , Virapongse, A., West, S.E., Kyba, C.C.M., et al. (2017): Citizen Science Terminology Matters: Exploring Key Terms. Citizen Science: Theory and Practice, 2(1): 1
• EMEP, European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (2018): http://www.emep.int/ (access: 07.10.2018)
• EPPO, European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (2018): EPPO Global Database. https://gd.eppo.int/ (access: 20.08.2018)
• Eriksen, J., Askegaard, M., Rasmussen, J., SØegaard, K. (2015): Nitrate leaching and residual effect in dairy crop rotations with grass-clover leys as influenced by sward age, grazing, cutting and fertiliser. Agriculture, Ecosystem and environment 212 (2015), 75-84.
• Erisman, J.W., Dammers, E., Van Damme, M., Soudzilovskaia, N., Schaap, M. (2015): Trends in EU Nitrogen Deposition and Impacts on Ecosystems Air and Waste Management Association, 31-35
• Etrella M., Gaventa, J. (1998): who counts reality? Participatory monitoring and evaluation: a literature review. IDS working paper 70, 70pp.
• Euroaktiv (2017): MEPs open the door for waste water operators in fertilisers regulation. https://www.euractiv.com/section/agriculture-food/news/meps-open-the-door-for-waste-water-operators-in-fertilisers-regulation/?_ga=2.183018658.540859708.1525858362-871850494.1525858362 (access: 9.5.2018)
• European Commission (2008): Regulation (EC) No 889/2008 of 5 September 2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products with regard to organic production, labelling and control. Official Journal of the European Union L 250/1-84.
• European Commission (2018b): FOCUS DG SANTE. Joint research centre, euroan soil data centre (ESDAC). https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/focus-dg-sante (access: 23.08.2018)
• European Commission (2018): REFIT - Evaluation of the EU legislation on plant protection products and pesticides residues https://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/refit_en (access: 13.07.2018)
• European Commission (2018a): EU Pesticide database. http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/eu-pesticides-database/public/?event=activesubstance.selectionandlanguage=EN (access: 13.07.2018)
• European Parliament (2018): Factsheet Chemicals and Pesticides. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/150682/Fact%20Sheet_Chemicals%20and%20Pesticides_07_2018.pdf
• Eurostat – Agriculture/Database (2018c): Agriculture and environment. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/de/web/agriculture/data/database (access: 10.07.2018).
• Eurostat – Agri-environmental indicator – gross nitrogen balance (2018a): https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Agri-environmental_indicator_-_gross_nitrogen_balance#Key_messages (access: 13.09.2018).
• Eurostat – Crop production in EU standard humidity (2018e): 2018ehttp://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=apro_cpsh1andlang=en (access: 24.09.2018)
• Eurostat – Statistics explained (2018): Agri-environmental indicators. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Agri-environmental_indicators (access: 23.09.2018).
• eurostat – Statistics explained (2018b): farm structure statistics http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Farm_structure_statistics (access: 09.05.2018.
• Eurostat – Statistics explained (2018d): LUCAS - Land use and land cover survey. http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/LUCAS_-_Land_use_and_land_cover_survey#Defining_land_use.2C_land_cover_and_landscape (access: 17.07.2018).
• Eurostat – Statistics explained (2018f): Agri-environmental indicators - pesticide pollution. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Archive:Agri-environmental_indicator_-_pesticide_pollution_of_water (access: 27.09.2018).
• Eurostat (2013): Nutrient Budgets – Methodology and Handbook. Version 1.02. Eurostat and OECD, Luxembourg
• Eurostat (2015): LUCAS 2015 (Land Use/Cover Area Frame Survey). Technical reference document C3, Classification (Land cover and Land use). 93 pp.
• FADN – Farm Accountancy Data Network (2018): http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rica/diffusion_en.cfm (access: 24.09.2018)
• Fahimi-Kashani N., Hormozi-Nezhad M.R., (2016): Gold-nanoparticle-based colorimetric sensor array for discrimination of organophosphate pesticides. Anal. Chem. 88 8099-8106.
• Fait, G., Balderacchi, M., Ferrari, F., Ungaro, F., Capri, E., and Trevisan, M. (2010): A field study of the impact of different irrigation practices on herbicide leaching. European journal of agronomy 32, 280-287.
• Falconer, K. (2002): Pesticide environmental indicators and environmental policy. Journal of Environmental Management 64, 285-300.
• Fan, S., Xiao, F., Liu, L., Zhao, F., Zeng, B. (2008): Sensitive voltammetric response of methylparathion on single-walled carbon nanotube paste coated electrodes using ionic liquid as binder. Sens. Actuators B, 132, 34-39.
• Farsad A., Herbert S.J., Hashemi M., Sadeghpour A. (2012): An Automated SucƟ on Lysimeter for Improved Soil Water Sampling. Vadose Zone Journal, Vol 11/4.
• Fawcett, R. S., Christensen, B. R., and Tierney, D. P. (1994): The impact of conservation tillage on pesticide runoff into surface water: a review and analysis. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 49, 126-135.
• Feng, S., Yang, R., Ding, X., Li, J., Guo, C., Qu, L. (2015): Sensitive electrochemical sensor for the determination of pentachlorophenol in fish meat based on znse quantum dots decorated multiwall carbon nanotubes nanocomposite. Ionics, 21, 3257–3266.
• Fenner, K., Canonica, S., Wackett, L. P., Elsner, M. (2013): Evaluating Pesticide Degradation in Emerging Opportunities. Science, 341(6147), 752–758. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1236281
• Fent, K. (2013): Ökotoxikologie; Umweltchemie - Toxikologie – Ökologie. 4th Edition. 392 p.
• Finch, S., Collier, R.H. (2000): Host-plant selection by insects – a theory based on ‘appropriate/inappropriate landings’ by pest insects of cruciferous plants. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 96: 91–102, 2000.
• Finck, M., Reinsch, M., Hartwig, H. (2013): Verringerung des Nitratauswaschungspotentials in Baden-Württemberg durch Ökologischen Landbau. VDLUFA-Schriftenreihe 69, S. 209-216.
• Finck, M., Reinsch, M., Hartwig, H. (2014): Welchen Beitrag leistet der Ökolandbau zur Verringerung der Nitrat-Auswaschung? Landinfo 1/2014, 12-15.
• Freier, B., Sellmann, J., Strassemeyer, J., Schwarz, J., Klocke, B., Dachbrodt-Saaydeh, S., Kehlenbeck, H., Zornbach, W. (2015): Netz Vergleichsbetriebe Pflanzenschutz, Jahresbericht 2014. Analyse der Ergebnisse der Jahre 2007 bis 2014. Berichte aus dem Julius Kühn-Institut, 182. 107 p.
• Gabrielsen, P., Bosch, P. (2003): Internal Working Paper Environmental Indicators: Typology and Use in Reporting. European Environment Agency, Copenhagen. 20 pp.
• Garcia, C.A., Lescuyer, G., (2008): Monitoring, indicators and community based forest management in the tropics: pretexts or red herrings? Biodivers Conserv 17, 1303–1317
• Gavrilescu, M. (2005): Fate of Pesticides in the Environment and its Bioremediation. Engineering in Life Sciences, 5(6), 497–526. https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.200520098
• Gebauer, W.-G., Schaaf, H. (2017): Gesamt-Stickstoff im Boden verdient stärkere Beachtung. LW 41/2017, 20-23.
• Ghorbani, M., Saber, M., Bagheri, M., and Vaez, N. (2016): Effects of Diazinon and Fipronil on Different Developmental Stages of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hym.; Trichogrammatidae).
• Gianelli, V., Bedmar, F. (2017): Risk of imazapyr leaching in three Argentinean soils. Chilean Journal of Agricultural and Animal Sciences 33, 241-251.
• Giuliano, S., Ryan, M. R., Véricel, G., Rametti, G., Perdrieux, F., Justes, E., and Alletto, L. (2016): Low-input cropping systems to reduce input dependency and environmental impacts in maize production: A multi-criteria assessment. European journal of agronomy 76, 160-175.
• Grath, J., Scheidleder, A., Uhlig, S., Weber, K., Kralik, M., Keimel, T., Gruber, D. (2001): The EU Water Framework Directive: Statistical aspects of the identification of groundwater pollution trends, and aggregation of monitoring results 2001. Final report. Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Environment and Water Management (Ref.: 41.046/01-IV1/00 and GZ 16 2500/2-1/6/00), European Commission (Grant Agreement Ref.: Subv 99/130794).
• Gravesen, L. (2003): The Treatment Frequency Index: an indicator for pesticide use and dependency as well as overall load on the environment.
• Greitens, T. J., and Day, E. (2007): An alternative way to evaluate the environmental effects of integrated pest management: Pesticide risk indicators. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 22, 213-222.
• Grieshaber, D., MacKenzie, R., Vörös, J., Reimhult, E., (2008): Electrochemical biosensors - sensor principles and architectures. Sensors 8, 1400-1458.
• Gruenke, N.L., Cardinal, M.F., McAnally, M.O., Frontiera, R.R., Schatza ,G.C., Van Duyne, R.P., (2016): Ultrafast and nonlinear surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Chem. Soc. Rev. 45 2263-2290.
• Guimont, S., Perrin-Ganier, C., Real, B., Schiavon, M. (2005): Effect of soil moisture and treatment volume on bentazon mobility in soil. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 25 (2005), 323-329.
• Guo, Y.M., Zhang, L.F., Zhang, S.S., Yang, Y., Chen, X.H., Zhang, M.C., (2015): Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles for the fluorescent detection of metal ions, Biosens. Bioelectron. 63 61-71.
• Gustafson, D. I. (1989): Groundwater ubiquity score: A simple method for assessing pesticide leachability. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 8, 339-357.
• Gutsche, V., Strassemeyer, J. (2007): SYNOPS-ein Modell zur Bewertung des Umwelt-Risikopotentials von chemischen Pflanzenschutzmitteln. Nachrichtenbl Deut Pflanzenschutzd 59, 197-210.
• Gutsche, V., Strassemeyer, J. (2010): Berechnung des Umweltrisikos für verschiedene Pflanzenschutzstrategien in Zuckerrüben mittels des Modells SYNOPS (Projekt Leitlinien IPS Zuckerrübe). In: JKI (Hrsg.): 57. Deutsche Pflanzenschutztagung : 6. - 9. September 2010 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Kurzfassungen der Beiträge, 314-315.
• Hall, K. E., Ray, C., Ki, S. J., Spokas, K. A., and Koskinen, W. C. (2015): Pesticide sorption and leaching potential on three Hawaiian soils. Journal of Environmental Management 159, 227-234.
• Hamon Y., Legout C., Molénat J. (2006): Prélèvements automatisés de l’eau dans une colonne de sol en laboratoire. Cah. Techn. I.N.R.A., 58, 17-25.
• Hansen, B., Sonnenborg, T. O., Møller, I., Bernth, J. D., Høyer, A. S., Rasmussen, P., et al. (2016): Nitrate vulnerability assessment of aquifers. Environmental Earth Sciences, 75(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5767-2
• Hansen, B., Thorling, L., Dalgaard, T. and Erlandsen, M., 2011. Trend Reversal of Nitrate in Danish Groundwater – A Reflection of Agricultural Practices and Nitrogen Surpluses since 1950. Environmental Science and Technology, 45, 228-234. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es102334u
• Hansen, B., Thorling, L., Dalgaard, T., Erlandsen, M. (2011): Trend reversal of nitrate in Danish groundwater - A reflection of agricultural practices and nitrogen surpluses since 1950. Environmental Science and Technology, 45(1), 228–234. https://doi.org/10.1021/es102334u
• Hansen, B., Thorling, L., Schullehner, J., Termansen, M., Dalgaard, T. (2017): Groundwater nitrate response to sustainable nitrogen management. Nature. Scientific Reports Volume 7, Article number: 8566
• Hart, K., Mottershead, D., Tucker, G., Underwood, E., Maréchal, A., Menet, L., Martin, I., Dayde, C., Bresson, C., Deniel, E., Sanders, J., Röder, N., Osterburg, B., Klages, S. (2017): Evaluation study of the payment for agricultural practices beneficial for the climate and the environment: final report. Luxembourg: European Commission, 248 p.
• Hassan, S.S., (1976): Ion-selective electrodes in organic functional group analysis: microdetermination of nitrates and nitramines with use of the iodide electrode. Talanta 23, 738–740.
• Hassan, S.S.M., Sayour, H.E.M., Al-Mehrezi, S.S., (2007): A novel planar miniaturized potentiometric sensor for flow injection analysis of nitrates in wastewaters, fertilizers and pharmaceuticals. Analytica Chimica Acta 581, 13–18.
• Heathwaite, L.H., Sharpley, A., Gburek, W. (2000): A conceptual approach for intergrating phosphorus and nitrogen management at watershed scales. Journal of Environmental Quality 29, 158-166.
• Hendrickx, J. M. H., and Flury, M. (2001): Uniform and preferential flow mechanisms in the vadose zone. In: Conceptual models of flow and transport in the fractured vadose zone,149-187. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/10102
• Henry, A.I., Sharma, B., Cardinal, M.F., Kurouski, D., Van Duyne, R.P., (2016): Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy biosensing: in vivo diagnostics and multimodal imaging. Anal. Chem. 88 6638-6647.
• Hernández-Hernández, C.N.A., Valle-Mora, J., Santiesteban-Hernández, A., and Bello-Mendoza, R. (2007): Comparative ecological risks of pesticides used in plantation production of papaya: Application of the SYNOPS indicator. Science of the Total Environment 381, 112-125.
• Herrmann, A., Kersebaum, K.C., Taube, F. (2005): Nitrogen fluxes in silage maize production: relationship between nitrogen content at silage maturity and nitrate concentration in soil leachate. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 73(1), 59-74.
• Hijmans, R.J., Cameron, S.E., Parra, J. L., Jones, P. G., Jarvis, A. (2005): Very high resolution interprolated climate surfaces for global land areas. Int. J. Climatol. 25: 1965-1978.
• Holmes, G. (2014): Australia’s pesticide environmental risk assessment failure: The case of diuron and sugarcane. Marine pollution bulletin 88, 7-13.
• Hölting, B., Haertlé, Th., Hohberger, K-H., Nachtigall, K., Villinger, E., Weinzierl, W., Wrobel, J-P. (1995): Konzept zur Ermittlung der Schutzfunktion der Grundwasserüberdeckung. Geologisches Jahrbuch C 63, 5-24.
• Horlacher, D., Rutzmoser, K., Schultheiß, U. (2014): Festmist- und Jaucheanfall - Mengen und Nährstoffgehalte aus Bilanzierungsmodellen. KTBL, Darmstadt, 72 p.
• Hossard, L., Guichard, L., Pelosi, C., and Makowski, D. (2017): Lack of evidence for a decrease in synthetic pesticide use on the main arable crops in France. Science of the Total Environment 575, 152-161.
• Hou, Y., Bai, Z., Lesschen, J. P., Staritsky, I. G., Sikirica, N., Ma, L., Velthof, G. L., Oenema, O. (2016): Feed use and nitrogen excretion of livestock in EU-27 Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 218. 232-244.
• Huang, B., Zhang, W.-D., Chen, C.-H., Yu, Y.-X. (2010): Electrochemical determination of methyl parathion at a pd/mwcnts-modified electrode. Microchim. Acta , 171, 57-62.
• Huang, J., Graham, N., Templeton, M. R., Zhang, Y., Collins, C., and Nieuwenhuijsen, M. (2009): A comparison of the role of two blue-green algae in THM and HAA formation. Water Research, 43(12), 3009–3018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.029
• İnam, R.; Bilgin, C (2013): Square wave voltammetric determination of methiocarb insecticide based on multiwall carbon nanotube paste electrode. J. Appl. Electrochem, 43, 425-432.
• Irwin, A. (1995): Citizen Science: A Study of People, Expertise and Sustainable Development. Routledge, Oxon, UK.
• Janniche, G. S., Spliid, H., Albrechtsen, H. J. (2012): Microbial community-level physiological profiles (CLPP) and herbicide mineralization potential in groundwater affected by agricultural land use. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 140-141, 45–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.08.008
• Jayawardane, B.M., Wei, S., McKelvie, I.D., Kolev, S.D. (2014): Microfluidic paper-based analytical device for the determination of nitrite and nitrate. Analytical Chemistry 86, 7274-7279.
• Jia, K., Toury, T., Ionescu, R.E., (2012): Fabrication of an atrazine acoustic immunosensor based on a drop-deposition procedure. IEEE Trans Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 9 (9), 2015–2021.
• Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute (2014): Thünen Atlas: Landwirtschaftliche Nutzung https://gdi.thuenen.de/lr/agraratlas/indexMap.htm?LP=2 (access: 01.08.2018)
• Juery C. (2012): Définition des caractéristiques techniques de fonctionnement et domaine d’emploi des appareils de désinfection-document technique 2. Ministère de l’agriculture, de l’alimentation, de la peche et des affaires rurales. 58p.
• Kalsing, A., Rossi, C.V.S., Lucio, F.R., et al. (2018): Effect of Formulations and Spray Nozzles on 2,4-D Spray Drift under Field Conditions. Weed Technology, 32, 4, 379-384.
• Kattwinkel, M., Kühne, J.-V., Foit, K., Liess, M. (2011): Climate change, agricultural insecticide exposure, and risk for freshwater communities. Ecological Applications, 21(6), 2011, 2068-2081.
• Kennedy I.R., Ahmad N., Beasley H., Chapman J., Hobbs J., Simpson B. Woods N. (1998): Quality Assurance in Pesticide Sampling and Analysis, LWRRDC Occasional Paper No 14/98, 40p.
• Kim, M.S., Kim, G.W., Park, T.J., (2015): A facile and sensitive detection of organophosphorus chemicals by rapid aggregation of gold nanoparticles using organic compounds. Biosens. Bioelectron. 67 408-412.
• Klages, S., Apel, B., Baumgärtel, G., Benke, M., Feller, C., Honecker, H., Hüther, J., Löloff, A., Olfs, W., Osterburg, B., Pfleiderer, H., Schultheiß, U., Wulf, S. (2017): Die neue Düngeverordnung BZL in der BLE, Bonn, 55 p.
• Klages, S., Apel, B., Feller, C., Hofmeier, M., Homm-Belzer, A., Hüther, J., Löloff, A., Olfs, W., Osterburg, B. (2018): Effizient düngen - Anwendungsbeispiele zur Düngeverordnung. BZL in der BLE, Bonn, 68 p.
• Klik, A., and Strohmeier, S. (2011). Verminderung von Bodenerosion durch nachhaltige Bodenbewirtschaftung. Wasserwirtschaft 101, 20-24.
• Kookana, R.S., Correll, R.L., and Miller, R.B. (2005): Pesticide impact rating index–A pesticide risk indicator for water quality. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution: Focus 5, 45-65.
• Kovach, J., Petzoldt, C., Degni, J., Tette, J. (1992): A method to measure the environmental impact of pesticides. New York's Food and Life Sciences Bulletin 139, 1-8.
• Kruijne, R., Deneer, J., Lahr, J., Vlaming, J. (2011): "HAIR2010 Documentation." Alterra Wageningen UR, Report 2113.1 http://edepot.wur.nl/177944.
• KTBL (2010): Wirtschaftsdünger-Rechner - Demoversion. https://daten.ktbl.de/wdrechnerdemo/prodverfahren/start.action#info (access: 8.8.2018)
• Kudsk, P., Jørgensen, L. N., Ørum, J. E. (2018): Pesticide Load - A new Danish pesticide risk indicator with multiple applications. Land Use Policy 70, 384-393.
• Laier, T. (2005): Chapter 24 in Nitrates in Groundwater (Eds. Razowska-Jaworek, L. and Sadurski, A.). International Associations of hydrogeologists selected papers, A.A. Balkema Publishers.
• Laurent, F. (2015): L’évolution des pratiques agricoles face aux enjeux de la qualité de l’eau: le bassin de l’Oudon (France). Territoire en mouvement Revue de géographie et aménagement 25-26. https://journals.openedition.org/tem/2745 (access: 19.07.2018)
• Lebacq, T., Baret, P., Stilmant, D. (2013): Sustainability indicators for livestock farming. A review Agron. Sustain. Dev. (2013) 33. 311-327.
• Leistra, M., Boesten, J.J.T.I. (2010): Pesticide leaching from agricultural fields with ridges and furrows. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 213, 341-352.
• Leistra, M., Van Den Berg, F. (2007): Volatilization of parathion and chlorothalonil from a potato crop simulated by the PEARL model. Environmental Science and Technology 41, 2243-2248.
• Leu, C., Singer, H., Stamm, C., Müller, S.R., Schwarzenbach, R.P., (2004): Variability of herbicide losses from 13 fields to surface water within a small catchment after a controlled herbicide application. Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 3835-3841
• Lfulg, Landesamt für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie, Sachsen (2018): Dungeinheitenschlüssel. https://www.landwirtschaft.sachsen.de/landwirtschaft/3848.htm (access: 22.09.2018).
• Li, C., Li, L. (2010): Prediction of Nitrate and Chlorine in Soil Using Ion Selective Electrode. World Automation Congress (WAC), 231-234.
• Li, L.Y., Wen, Y.L., Xu, L., Xu, Q., Song, S.P., Zuo, X.L., Yan, J., Zhang, W.J., Liu, G., (2016): Development of mercury (II) ion biosensors based on mercury-specific oligonucleotide probes, Biosens. Bioelectron. 75 433-445.
• Li, C., Sun, Y., Bian, J.Z, (2011): A Microfluidic Sensor Chip With Renewable In-Situ Copper Modified Microelectrode For Continuous Monitoring Of Nitrate. In: 16th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference, 2279-2282.
• Li, J., Chi, Y. (2009): Determination of carbendazim with multiwalled carbon nanotubes-polymeric methyl red film modified electrode. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 93, 101-104.
• Li, W., Wu, R., Duan, J., Saint, C.P., van Leeuwen, J. (2016): Impact of prechlorination on organophosphorus pesticides during drinking water treatment: Removal and transformation to toxic oxon byproducts. Water Research, 105, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.052
• Li, Y., Bian, C., Xia, S., Sun, J., Tong, J., (2012): Micro electrochemical sensor with copper nanoclusters for nitrate determination in freshwaters. Micro Nano Lett. 7 (12), 1197-1201.
• Li, Y., Sun, J., Bian, C., Tong, J., Xia, S., (2013): A Micro Electrochemical Sensor with PorousCopper- clusters for Total Nitrogen Determination in Freshwaters. In: Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS) 1, 1–4.
• Liana, D.D., Raguse, B., Gooding, J.J., Chow, E. (2012): Recent Advances in Paper-Based Sensors. Sensors 12, 11505-11526.
• Liu, D., Wang, Z., Jiang, X., (2011): Gold nanoparticles for the colorimetric and fluorescent detection of ions and small organic molecules, Nanoscale 3, 1421-1433.
• Liu, G.Y., Yang, X., Li T.F., Yu, H.L., Du, X.W., She, Y.X., Wang, J., Wang, S.S., Jin, F., Jin, M.J., Shao, H., Zheng, L.F., Zhang, Y.X., Zhou, P. (2015): Spectrophotometric and visual detection of the herbicide atrazine by exploiting hydrogen bondinduced aggregation of melamine-modified gold nanoparticles. Microchim. Acta 182 1983-1989.
• Loftis, J.C. (1996): Trends of groundwater quality. Hydrological processes 10, 335-355.
• Lopez-Ruiz, N., Curto, V.F., Erenas, M.M., Benito-Lopez, F., Diamond, D., Palma, A.J., Capitan-Vallvey, L.F. (2014): Smartphone-based simultaneous pH and nitrite colorimetric determination for paper microfluidic devices. Analytical Chemistry 86, 9554–9562.
• Luo, S., Wu, Y., Gou, H. (2013): A voltammetric sensor based on go–mwnts hybrid nanomaterial-modified electrode for determination of carbendazim in soil and water samples. Ionics 19, 673-680.
• Magette, W.L., Hallissey, R., Hughes, K., Cosgrove, E. (2007): Eutrophication from agricultural sources: field- and catchment-scale risk assessment. Environmental RTDI Programme 2000-2006, final report, 157 pp.
• Mahajan, R.K., Kaur, R., Miyake, H., Tsukube, H., (2007): Zn(II) complex-based potentiometric sensors for selective determination of nitrate anion. Analytica Chimica Acta 584 (1), 89-94.
• Mani, V., Devasenathipathy, R., Chen, S.-M., Wu, T.-Y., Kohilarani, K. (2015): High-performance electrochemical amperometric sensors for the sensitive determination of phenyl urea herbicides diuron and fenuron. Ionics 21, 2675-2683.
• Marrazza, G., (2014): Piezoelectric biosensors for organophosphate and carbamate pesticides: a review. Biosensors (Basel) 4 (3), 301–317.
• Martinez J.; Guiraud, G. (1990): A lysimeter study of the effects of a ryegrass catch crop, during a winter wheat/maize rotation, on nitrate leaching and on the following crop. Journal of Soil Science, 41, 5-16.
• Martins, E.C., de Freitas Melo, V., Bohone, J.B., and Abate, G. (2018): Sorption and desorption of atrazine on soils: The effect of different soil fractions. Geoderma 322, 131-139.
• McGuire, K.J., Mc Donnell, J.J. (2006): A review and evaluation of catchment transit time modeling. Journal of Hydrology, 330(3-4), 543-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.04.020
• McKinley, D.C., Miller-Rushing, A.J., Ballard, H.L., Bonney, R., Brown, H., Cook-Patton, S.C., Evans, D.M., French, R.A., Parrish, J.K., Phillips, T.B., Ryan, S.F., Shanley, L.A., Shirk, J.L., Stepenuck, K.F., Weltzin, J.F., Wiggins, A., Boyle, O.D., Briggs, R.D., Chapin III, S.F., Hewitt, D.A, Preuss, P.W., Soukup, M.A. (2017): Citizen science can improve conservation science, natural resource management, and environmental protection. Biological Conservation Volume 208, 15-28.
• Meals, D.W., Dressing, S.A., Davenport, T.E. (2010): Lag Time in Water Quality Response to Best Management Practices: A Review. Journal of Environment Quality, 39(1), 85. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0108
• Meeks, Y.J., Dean, D.J. (1991): Evaluating ground-water vunerability to pesticides. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 116(5), 693-707.
• Mendes, K.F., Martins, B.A.B., dos Reis, M.R., Pimpinato, R.F., Tornisielo, V.L. (2017): Quantification of the fate of mesotrione applied alone or in a herbicide mixture in two Brazilian arable soils. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24, 8425-8435.
• Mendoza, M.O., Ortega, E.P., De Fuentes, O.A., Prokhorov, Y., Luna, J.G., (2014): Chitosan / bentonite nanocomposite: preliminary studies of its potentiometric response to nitrate ions in water. IEEE 9th IberoAmerican Congress on Sensors, 7-10.
• Mercan, H., İnam, R., Aboul-Enein, H.Y. (2011): Square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of cyromazine insecticide with multi-walled carbon nanotube paste electrode. Anal. Lett. , 44, 1392-1404.
• Monquero, P., Amaral, L., Binha, D., Silva, A., and Silva, P. (2008). Leaching potential of herbicides in soil under different rainfall simulations. Planta Daninha 26, 403-409.
• Moraes, F.C., Mascaro, L.H., Machado, S.A., Brett, C.M., (2009): Direct electrochemical determination of carbaryl using a multi-walled carbon nanotube/cobalt phthalocyanine modified electrode. Talanta, 79, 1406-1411.
• Mosquera-Vivas, C.S., Hansen, E.W., García-Santos, G., Obregón-Neira, N., Celis-Ossa, R.E., González-Murillo, C.A., Juraske, R., Hellweg, S., and Guerrero-Dallos, J.A. (2016): The effect of the soil properties on adsorption, single-point desorption, and degradation of chlorpyrifos in two agricultural soil profiles from Colombia. Soil Science 181, 446-456.
• Mueller, T.C., Womac, A.R. (1997): Effect of formulation and nozzle type on droplet size with isopropylamine and trimesium salts of glyphosate. Weed Technology 11 (4), 639-643.
• Mugadza, T., Nyokong, T. (2010): Electrocatalytic oxidation of amitrole and diuron on iron (II) tetraaminophthalocyanine-single walled carbon nanotube dendrimer. Electrochim. Acta , 55, 2606-2613.
• Muhammetoglu, A., Durmaz, S., and Uslu, B. (2010): Evaluation of the environmental impact of pesticides by application of three risk indicators. Environmental Forensics 11, 179-186.
• Müller, K., Bach, M., Hartmann, H., Spiteller, M., Frede, G. (2002): Point- and nonpoint- source pesticide contamination in the Zwester Ohm catchment, Germany. J. Environ. Qual., 31, 309-318.
• Müller, U., (2004): Auswertungsmethoden im Bodenschutz. Dokumentation zur Methodenbank des Niedersächsischen Bodeninformationssystems (NIBIS), 7th edn. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart.
• Niemeijer, D., de Groot, R. (2008): A conceptual framework for selecting environmental indicator sets. Ecol Indic 8:14-25.
• Nilsson, C. (1999): PERI. In: Comparing Environmental Risk Indicators for Pesticides: Results of the European CAPER Project, eds. J. Reus, P. Leen-dertse, C. Bockstaller, I. Fomsgaard, V. Gutsche, K. Lewis, C, et al.. Utrecht, The Netherlands: Centre for Agriculture and the Environment,121-124.
• NLWKN (2007): Vorläufige Empfehlungen zur Durchführung vo Herbst-Nmin-Programmen Optimierung von Herbst-Nmin-Programmen zur Erfolgskontrolle von GrundwasserschutzMaßnahmen und Prognose der Sickerwasserqualität. 26 pp. https://www.google.com/search?q=NLWKN+-+Nieders%C3%A4chsischer+Landesbetrieb+f%C3%BCr+Wasserwirtschaft%2C+K%C3%BCsten-+und+Naturschutz+%282007%29%3A+Empfehlungen+zur+Planung%2C+Durchf%C3%BChrung+und+Auswertung+von+Herbst-Nmin-Programmen.+%28in+Druck%29.andie=utf-8andoe=utf-8andclient=firefox-b-ab
• Nolan, B.T. (2001): Relating nitrogen sources and aquifer susceptibility to nitrate in shallow ground waters of the United States. Ground Water 39(2), 290-299.
• Nolting, H.-G., and Schinkel, K. (1998): Lysimeter data in pesticide authorization. ACS Publications.
• Novohatska, O.O., Stavnichenko, P.V., Kondratiuk, M.V., Antonenko, A.M., Vavrinevich, O.P., Omelchuk, S.T., Bardov, V.G. (2018): Comparative hygienic evaluation of behavior of different pesticides groups in soil, prediction of risk of ground water contamination and its danger for human health in areas with irrigation farming. Rawal Medical Journal 43, 129-136.
• Nsibande S.A., Forbes P.B.C., (2016): Fluorescence detection of pesticides using quantum dot materials - a review. Anal. Chim. Acta 945 9-22.
• Nuñez, L., Cetó, X., Pividori, M.I., Zanoni, M.V.B., del Valle, M. (2013): Development and application of an electronic tongue for detection and monitoring of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium levels in waters. Microchem. J. 110, 273–279.
• Nuyttens, D., Baetens, K., De Schampheleire, M., Sonck, B. (2007): Effect of nozzle type, size and pressure on spray droplet characteristics. Biosystems Engineering 97 (3), 333-345.
• OECD (1993): OECD core set of indicators for environmental performance reviews. A synthesis report by the Group on the State of the Environment, OECD Publishing.
• OECD (2007): OECD and EUROSTAT Gross National Balance. Handbook. www.oecd.org/tad/env/indicators.
• OECD, O. f. E. C. o. a. D. (1982): Development of a Hazard Rating for Specific Water Pollutants (DHRSWP), Paris.
• Oelmann, M., Czichy, C., Hormann, L. (2017): Gutachten zur Berechnung der Kosten der Nitratbelastung in Wasserkörpern für die Wasserwirtschaft. BDEW.
• Oenema, O., Amon, B., van Beek, C., Hutchings, N., Perez-Soba, M., Procter, C., Pietrzak, S., Velthof, G.L., Vinther, F., Wilson L. (2011): Farm data needed for agri-environmental reporting. Eurostat Metholologies and Working papers (Eds.: Selenius, J., Baudouin, L., Kremer, A. M.) Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
• Oenema, O., Kros, H., de Vries, W. (2003): Approaches and uncertainties in nutient budgets. Implications for nutrient management and environmental policies. Europe Journal of Agronomy. 20, 3-16.
• Oliver, D. P., Kookana, R. S., Anderson, J. S., and Umali, B. (2016): Field evaluation of two risk indicators for predicting likelihood of pesticide transport to surface water from two orchards. Science of the Total Environment 571, 819-825.
• OMAFRA (Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs) (2003): Nutrient management workbook, section 15: nitrogen index. http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/nm/ar/workbook/ workbk3o.htm.
• Ongley, E. D. (1996): Control of water pollution from agriculture. Food and Agriculture Org.
• Oorts, K. (2007): Effect of tillage systems on soil organic matter stocks and C and N fluxes in cereal cropping systems on a silt loam soil in Northern France. Thèse à l'INA-PG., Paris. 178 p.
• Ormad, M.P., Miguel, N., Claver, A., Matesanz, J. M., Ovelleiro, J.L. (2008): Pesticides removal in the process of drinking water production. Chemosphere, 71(1), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.10.006
• Osterburg, B. (2016): Schutz landwirtschaftlicher Böden vor Überdüngung. Handbuch der Bodenkunde. 41. Erg. Lfg. 01/16. 1-28.
• Osterburg, B., Runge, T. (Hrsg.) (2007): Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung von Stickstoffeinträgen in Gewässer – eine wasserschutzorientierte Landwirtschaft zur Umsetzung der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie. Landbauforschung Völkenrode - FAL Agricultural Research. Sonderheft 307, 302 pp.
• Osterburg, B., Wolter, R. (2017): Fakten und Legenden. DLG-Mitteilungen 4/2017. 80-82.
• Osterburg, B., Techen. A.-K. (2012): Evaluierung der Düngeverordnung - Ergebnisse und Optionen zur Weiterentwicklung: Abschlussbericht; Bund-Länder-Arbeitsgruppe zur Evaluierung der Düngeverordnung; Bericht im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz. Braunschweig: Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, 245 p.
• Paczosabator, B., Cabaj, L., Raś, M., Baś, B., Piech, R. (2014): Potentiometric Sensor Platform Based on a Carbon Black Modified Electrodes. International Journal of Electrochemical Science 9, 2816–2823.
• Padovani, L., Trevisan, M.,Capri, E. (2004): A calculation procedure to assess potential environmental risk of pesticides at the farm level. Ecological Indicators 4, 111-123.
• Panagos, P., Borrelli, P., Meusburger, K., Alewell, K., Lugato, E., Montanarella, L. (2015): Estimating the soil erosion cover-management factor at the European scale. Land Use Policy 48 (2015) 38-50.
• Panagos, P., Jones, A., Montanarella, L. (2012b): Eur. Soil Data Centre Response Eur. policy support public data Requir. Land Use Policy 29 (2012) 329-338.
• Panagos, P., Meusburger, K., Alewell, K., Montanarella, L. (2012a): Soil erodibility estimation using LUCAS point survey data of Europe. Environ. Model. Softw. 30, 143-145.
• Pang, S.T.R., Yang, T.X., He, L.L., (2016): Review of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) detection of synthetic chemical pesticides. Trends Anal. Chem. 85 73-82.
• Paterson S., de la Rica R., (2015) Solution-based nanosensors for in-field detection with the naked eye, Analyst 140 3308-3317.
• Pelosi, C., Toutous, L., Chiron, F., Dubs, F., Hedde, M., Muratet, A., Ponge, J.-F., Salmon, S., Makowski, D. (2013): Reduction of pesticide use can increase earthworm populations in wheat crops in a European temperate region. Agriculture, ecosystems and environment 181, 223-230.
• Perrin, A., Basset-Mens, C., Huat, J., and Yehouessi, W. (2015): High environmental risk and low yield of urban tomato gardens in Benin. Agronomy for sustainable development 35, 305-315.
• Pervanchon, P., Bockstaller, C., Amiaud, B., Peigné, J., Bernard, P.-Y., Vertès, F., Fiorelli, J.-L., Plantureux, S. (2005): A novel indicator of environmental risks due to nitrogen management on grasslands. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 105 (2005), 1-16.
• Pierce, F.J., Shaffer, M.J., Halvorson, A.D. (1991): Screening procedure for estimating potentially leachable nitrate-nitrogen below the root zone. In: Follett, R.F., Keeney, D.R., Cruse, R.M. (eds.) Managing nitrogen for groundwater quality and farm profitability. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI 259-283.
• Pierlot, F., Marks-Perreau, J., Réal, B., Carluer, N., Constant, T., Lioeddine, A., et al. (2017): Predictive quality of 26 pesticide risk indicators and one flow model: A multisite assessment for water contamination. Science of the Total Environment, 605–606, 655–665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.112
• Plummer, J. D., Edzwald, J. K. (2001): Effect of ozone on algae as precursors for trihalomethane and haloacetic acid production. Environmental Science and Technology, 35(18), 3661-3668. https://doi.org/10.1021/es0106570
• Poisvert, C.; Curie, F.; Moatar, F. (2017): Annual agricultural N surplus in France over a 70-year period. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 107(1): 63-78
• Postma, D., Boesen, C., Kristiansen, H., Larsen, F. (1991): Nitrate Reduction in an Unconfined Sandy Aquifer: Water Chemistry, Reduction Processes, and Geochemical Modeling. Water Resources Research, 27(8), 2027–2045. https://doi.org/10.1029/91WR00989
• Probst, K., Hagmann, J., Ferdandez, M., Ashby, A. (2003): Understanding participatory research in the context of natural resources management – Paradigms, approaches and typologies. Agriculture Research and Extension Network. Network paper No. 130. 16p.
• Puckett, L.J., (1994): Nonpoint and point sources of nitrogen in major watersheds of the United States. Water-Resources Investigations Report 94–4001. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Reston, Virginia 1994.
• Pullan, S. P., Whelan, M. J., Rettino, J., Filby, K., Eyre, S., Holman, I. P. (2016): Development and application of a catchment scale pesticide fate and transport model for use in drinking water risk assessment. Science of the Total Environment 563-564, 434-447.
• Pussemier, L. (1999): A system for predicting the environmental impact of pesticides in Belgium. In: Comparing Environmental Risk Indicators for Pesticides: Results of the European CAPER Project (P. L. J. Reus, C. Bockstaller, I. Fomsgaard, V. Gutsche, K. Lewis, C. Nilsson, L. Pussemier, M. Trevisan, H. van der Werf, F. Alfarroba, S. Blu¨mel, J. Isart, D. McGrath, and T. Seppala, ed.), 131-138. Centre for Agriculture and the Environment, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
• Pussemier, L., and Steurbaut, W. (2004): Instruments aimed to measure pesticide use in the framework of sustainable development. Biotechnology, Agronomy and Society and Environment 8, 177-185.
• Rahemi, V., Garrido, J.M.P.J., Borges, F., Brett, C.M.A., Garrido, E.M.P.J. (2013): Electrochemical determination of the herbicide bentazone using a carbon nanotube β-cyclodextrin modified electrode. Electroanalysis, 25, 2360-2366.
• Rahemi, V., Garrido, J.M.P.J., Borges, F., Brett, C.M.A., Garrido, E.M.P.J. (2015): Electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of herbicide mcpa and its metabolite 4-chloro-2-methylphenol. Application to photodegradation environmental monitoring. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. , 22, 4491-4499.
• Rahemi, V., Vandamme, J.J., Garrido, J.M.P.J., Borges, F., Brett, C.M.A., Garrido, E.M.P.J. (2012): Enhanced host-guest electrochemical recognition of herbicide mcpa using a β-cyclodextrin carbon nanotube sensor. Talanta, 99, 288-293.
• Ramnani, P., Saucedo, N.M., Mulchandani, A. (2016): Carbon nanomaterial based electrochemical biosensors for label-free sensing of environmental pollutants. Chemosphere 143, 85-98.
• Rather, J.A., De Wael, K. (2012): C60-functionalized mwcnt based sensor for sensitive detection of endocrine disruptor vinclozolin in solubilized system and wastewater. Sens. Actuators B , 171-172, 907-915.
• Rautmann, D., M. Strelok, R. Winkler (2001): New basic drift values in the authorisation procedure for plant protection products. In: Forster, R. and M. Streloke (Eds.): Workshop on Risk Assessment and Risk Mitigation Measures in the Context of the Authorization of Plant Protection Products (WORMM). Mitt. Biol. Bundesanst. Land-Forstwirtsch. Berlin-Dahlem, Heft 381.
• Recous S., Loiseau P., Machet J.M., Mary B. (1997): Transformations et devenir de l’azote de l’engrais sous cultures annuelles et sous prairies. In: Maîtrise de l’azote dans les agrosystèmes (eds. G. Lemaire and B. Nicolardot). Les colloques de l’INRA, 83, 105-120.
• Reus, J.A.W A., Leendertse, P.C. (2000): The environmental yardstick for pesticides: A practical indicator used in the Netherlands. Crop Protection 19, 637-641.
• Reus, J., Leendertse, P., Bockstaller, C., Fomsgaard, I., Gutsche, V., Lewis, K., Nilsson, C., Pussemier, L., Trevisan, M., Van der Werf, H. (2002): Comparison and evaluation of eight pesticide environmental risk indicators developed in Europe and recommendations for future use. Agriculture, ecosystems and environment 90, 177-187.
• Ribeiro, W.F., Selva, T.M.G., Lopes, I.C., Coelho, E.C.S., Lemos, S.G., de Abreu, F.C., do Nascimento, V.B., de Araújo, M.C.U. (2011): Electroanalytical determination of carbendazim by square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry with a multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified electrode. Anal. Methods , 3, 1202-1206.
• Rigby, D., Woodhouse, P., Young, T., Burton, M. (2001): Constructing a farm level indicator of sustainable agriculture practice. Ecol. Econ. 39, 436-478.
• Rittenburg, R.A., Squires, A.L., Boll, J., Brooks, E.S., Easton, Z.M., and Steenhuis, T.S. (2015): Agricultural BMP effectiveness and dominant hydrological flow paths: Concepts and a review. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 51(2), 305–329. https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.
• Roger-Estrade, J., Richard, G., Dexter, A., Boizard, H., De Tourdonnet, S., Bertrand, M., Caneill, J. (2009): Integration of soil structure variations with time and space into models for crop management: a review. In "Sustainable Agriculture", pp. 813-822. Springer.
• Rohit, J.V., Basu, H., Singhal, R.K., Kailasa, S.K., (2016): Development of p-nitroaniline dithiocarbamate capped gold nanoparticles-based microvolume UV-vis spectrometric method for facile and selective detection of quinalphos insecticide in environmental samples. Sens. Actuators B 237 826-835.
• Roßberg, D. (2016): Erhebungen zur Anwendung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln im Ackerbau – Survey on application of chemical pesticides in agriculture. Journal für Kulturpflanzen, 68 (2), 25-37.
• Sachverständigenrat für Umweltfragen (SRU)(2016): Impulse für eine integrative Umweltpolitik. Kapitel 6: Verbesserter Schutz der Biodiversität vor Pestiziden. Eigenverlag, Berlin, 2016.
• Safe Drinking Water Committee. (1980): Drinking water and health. Toxicon (Vol. 26). https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(88)90267-X
• Santos, E., Montenegro, M.C.B.S.M., Couto, C., Araújo, A.N., Pimentel, M.F., Silva, V.L.D. (2004): Sequential injection analysis of chloride and nitrate in waters with improved accuracy using potentiometric detection, Talanta 63 (3), 721-727.
• Sattler, C., Kachele, H., Verch, G. (2007): Assessing the intensity of pesticide use in agriculture. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment 119, 299-304.
• Scanlon, B.R., Healy, R.W., and Cook, P.G. (2002): Choosing appropriate technique for quantifying groundwater recharge. Hydrogeology Journal, 10, 18–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-0010176-2
• Schaetzl, R.J., Krist, F.J. Jr., Stanley, K.E., Hupy, C.M. (2009): The Natural Soil Drainage Index: An Ordinal Estimate of Long-Term, Soil Wetness. Physical Geography 30: 383-409.
• Schäfer, R. B., von der Ohe, P. C., Rasmussen, J., Kefford, B. J., Beketov, M. A., Schulz, R., Liess, M. (2012): Thresholds for the effects of pesticides on invertebrate communities and leaf breakdown in stream ecosystems. Environmental science and technology 46, 5134-5142.
• Schäffer, A., Filser, J., Frische, T., Gessner, M., Köck, W., Kratz, W., Liess, M., Nuppenau, E.-A., Roß-Nickoll, M., and Schäfer, R. (2018): Der stumme Frühling–Zur Notwendigkeit eines umweltverträglichen Pflanzenschutzes. Diskussion Nr. 16. Nationale Akademie der Wissenschaften- Leopoldina, Halle (Saale).
• Schierholz, I., Schäfer, D., Kolle, O. (2000): The Weiherbach data set: An experimental data set for pesticide model testing on the field scale. Agricultural Water Management 44, 43-61.
• Schlosser, P., Stute, M., Dorr, H., Sonntag, C. Munnich, K.O. (1988):Tritium/3He Dating of Shallow Groundwater. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 1, 89, 353-362.
• Schnetger, B., Lehners, C. (2014): Determination of nitrate plus nitrite in small volume marine water samples using vanadium(III) chloride as a reduction agent. Marine Chemistry 160, 9-–98.
• Schöning, M.J., Poghossian, A. (2002): Recent advances in biologically sensitive field-effect transistors (BioFETs). Analyst 127 (9), 1137–1151.
• Schröder, J.J., Aarts, H.F.M., Middelkoop, J.C. van, Haan, M.H.A., de Schils, R.L.M., Velthof, G.L., Fraters, B., Willems, W.J. (2007): Permissible manure and fertilizer use in dairy farming systems on sandy soils in The Netherlands to comply with the Nitrates Directive target. European Journal of Agronomy 27 . 102-114.
• Schulz, R. (2004): Field studies on exposure, effects, and risk mitigation of aquatic nonpoint-source insecticide pollution. Journal of Environmental Quality 33, 419-448.
• Schweigert, P., Zimmermann, P. (2003): The N-min content of the soil as an agricultural environmental indicator of water pollution with nitrate. Berichte über Landwirtschaft 81(2),192-207.
• Shaffer, M.J., Delgado, J.A. (2002): Essentials of a national nitrate leaching index assessment tool. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 57, 327-335.
• Sharma, D. K., Anil, K., Mahender (2018): Simple and rapid SPE-GC-ECD method for the adsorption study of atrazine on some Indian soils for the assessment of ground water contamination risk. Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 22, 51-61.
• Shipitalo, M.J., Dick, W.A., Edwards, W.M. (2000): Conservation tillage and macropore factors that affect water movement and the fate of chemicals. Soil and Tillage Research 53, 167-183.
• Sicard, C., Glen, C, Aubie, B., Wallace, D. Jahanshahi-Anbuhi, S., Pennings, K., Daigger, G.T., Pelton, R., Brennan, J.D., Filipe, C.D.M. (2015): Tools for water quality monitoring and mapping using paper-based sensors and cell phones. Water Research 70, 360-369.
• Siswana, M., Ozoemena, K., Nyokong, T. (2008): Electrocatalytic detection of amitrole on the multi-walled carbon nanotube-Iron (II) tetra-aminophthalocyanine platform. Sensors 2008, 8, 5096.
• Smeets, E., Weterings, R. (1999): Environmental indicators: typology and overview. Technical report No. 25. European Environment Agency, Copenhagen. 19 p.
• Sohail, M., Marco, R. D., Lamb, K., Bakker, E. (2012): Thin layer coulometric determination of nitrate in fresh waters. Analytica Chimica Acta 744, 39–44.
• Stanners, D., Bosch, P., Dom, A., Gabrielsen, P., Gee, D., Martin, J., Weber, J.L. (2007): Frameworks for environmental assessment and indicators at the EEA. Sustainability Indicators, 127-144.
• Stehle, S., Schulz, R. (2015): Pesticide authorisation in the EU – environment unprotected? Environmental Science Pollution Research 22 (24), 19632-19647.
• Steinmann, H.-H., Dobers, E. S. (2013): Spatio-temporal analysis of crop rotations and crop sequence patterns in Northern Germany: potential implications on plant health and crop protection. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 120, 85-94.
• Stenrød, M., Heggen, H.E., Bolli, R I., Eklo, O.M. (2008): Testing and comparison of three pesticide risk indicator models under Norwegian conditions-A case study in the Skuterud and Heiabekken catchments. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 123, 15-29.
• Stewart, C.L., Nurse, R.E., Van Eerd, L.L., Vyn, R.J., and Sikkema, P.H. (2011): Weed Control, Environmental Impact, and Economics of Weed Management Strategies in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean. Weed Technology 25, 535-541.
• StoffBilV (2017): Verordnung über den Umgang mit Nährstoffen im Betrieb und betriebliche Stoffstrombilanzen (Stoffstrombilanzverordnung). BGBl I, 3942; 2018 I, 360.
• Stolbovoy, V., Montanarella, L., Panagos, P. (2007): Carbon sink enhancement in soils in Europe: data, modelling, verification. OPOCE.
• Strassemeyer, J., Daehmlow, D., Dominic, A. R., Lorenz, S., and Golla, B. (2017): SYNOPS-WEB, an online tool for environmental risk assessment to evaluate pesticide strategies on field level. Crop Protection 97, 28-44.
• Strobl, M., Walcher, A., Mayr, T., Klimant, I., Borisov, S.M., (2017): Trace ammonia sensors based on fluorescent near-infrared emitting aza-BODIPY dyes. Anal. Chem. 89 2859-2865.
• Sun, J.S., Xianyu, Y.L., Jiang, X.Y., (2014): Point-of-care biochemical assays using gold nanoparticle-implemented microfluidics. Chem. Soc. Rev. 43 6239-6253.
• Sun, Z.Y., Cui, Z.M., Li, H.B., (2013): p-Amino benzenesulfonic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles: synthesis, colorimetric detection of carbaryl and mechanism study by zeta potential assays. Sens. Actuators B 183 297-302.
• Sundari, P.A., Manisankar, P. (2011): Development of nano poly(3-methyl thiophene)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes sensor for the efficient detection of some pesticides. J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 22, 746-755.
• Sundari, P.L.A., Palaniappan, S.P., Manisankar, P. (2010): Enhanced sensing of carbendazim, a fungicide on functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode and its determination in real samples. Anal. Lett., 43, 1457-1470.
• Swarcewicz, M.K., Gregorczyk, A. (2012): The effects of pesticide mixtures on degradation of pendimethalin in soils. Environ Monit Assess (2012) 184:3077-3084.
• Tahir, M., Hassan, A. U., Maqbool, S., Barber, B., Koskinen, W.C., Peng, X., and Mulla, D.J. (2016): Sorption and Leaching Potential of Isoproturon and Atrazine in Low Organic Carbon Soil of Pakistan Under a Wheat-Maize Rotation. Pedosphere 26, 687-698.
• Tauchnitz, N., Schrödter, M., Hauser, B., Kasimir, P., Schmidt, G. (2017): Quantifizierung von Pflanzenschutzmittel (PSM)-Einträgen in Oberflächengewässer im Kleineinzugsgebiet Querne/ Weida. VDLUFA-Schriftenreihe 74, 338.347.
• Teadoum, D.N., Noumbo, S.K., Arnaud, K.T., Ranil, T.T., Ze Mvondo, A.D., Tonle, I.K. (2016): Square wave voltammetric determination of residues of carbendazim using a fullerene/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/nafion/coated glassy carbon electrode. Int. J. Electrochem., 2016, 7839708.
• Tendler, L.; Beiseker, R. (2015): Mit so viel Stickstoff können Sie rechnen. dlz agrarmagazin. November 2015. 106-110.
• Thomassen, M.A., de Boer, I.J.M. (2005): Evaluation of indicators to assess the environmental impact of dairy production systems. Agr Ecosyst Environ 111:185-199.
• Thorling, L., Brüsch, W., Tuxen, N., Roost, S., Aisopou, A., Binning, P.J., et al. (2015): Indicators to identify the source of pesticide contamination to groundwater. In: Abstract from 2nd International Interdisciplinary Conference on LAND USE AND WATER QUALITY. Vienna, Austria.
• Tiktak, A., Boesten, J.J.T.I., Egsmose, M., Gardi, C., Klein, M., Vanderborght, J. (2013): European scenarios for exposure of soil organisms to pesticides. Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part B Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes 48, 703-716.
• Tiktak, A., Boesten, J.J.T.I., van der Linden, A.M.A., Vanclooster, M. (2006): Mapping ground water vulnerability to pesticide leaching with a process-based metamodel of EuroPEARL. Journal of Environmental Quality, 35(4), 1213–26. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0377
• Tiktak, A., De Niea, D., Van Der Linden, T., Kruijneb, R. (2002): Modelling the leaching and drainage of pesticides in the Netherlands: the GeoPEARL model. Agronomie 22, 373-387.
• Trevisan, M., Di Guardo, A., Balderacchi, M. (2009): An environmental indicator to drive sustainable pest management practices. Environmental Modelling and Software 24, 994-1002.
• Trevisan, M., Padovani, L., Capri, E. (2000): Nonpoint-source agricultural hazard index: a case study of the province of Cremona, Italy. Environmental Management 26, 577-584.
• UBA (2016): Trinkwasser aufbereiten. https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/trinkwasser-aufbereiten#textpart-1 (access: 11.09.2018)
• UBA (2018): Bericht des Bundesministeriums für Gesundheit und des Umweltbundesamtes an die Verbraucherinnen und Verbraucher über die Qualität von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch (Trinkwasser) in Deutschland 2014 – 2016 Berichtszeitraum: 1. Januar 2014 bis 31. Dezember 2016 gemäß § 21 Trinkwasserverordnung anhand des Formats für die Berichterstattung der zuständigen obersten Landesbehörden (Bundesgesundheitsblatt 2013·56:1191-1215). Umweltbundesamt, 65 p.
• Ulrich, U., Hörmann, G., Unger, M., Pfannerstill, M., Steinmann, F., Fohrer, N. (2018): Lentic small water bodies: Variability of pesticide transport and transformation patterns. Science of The Total Environment 618, 26-38.
• UNIFA (2018): Livraisons 2016-2017: un atterrissage global moins lourd qu’attendu. http://www.engrais-agriculture.fr/non-classe/livraisons-2016-2017-atterrissage-global-lourd-quattendu/ (access: 06.08.2018)
• University of Hertfordshire (2016): Bio-Pesticide Database – BPDB. (https://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/index.htm) (access: 18.07.2018).
• University of Hertfordshire (2017): Pesticide Property Database – PPDB. (https://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/ppdb/en/index.htm) (access: 13.07.2018).
• Uthuppu, B., Heiskanen, A., Kofoed, D., Aamand, J., Jørgensen, C., Dufva, M., Jakobsen, M.H. (2015): Micro-flow-injection analysis (μFIA) immunoassay of herbicide residue 2,6-dichlorobenzamide - towards automated at-line monitoring using modular microfluidics. Analyst 140 (5), 1616-1623.
• Van Der Hoek, J.P., Bertelkamp, C., Verlief de Bertelkamp, A.R.D., Singhal, N. (2014): Drinking water treatment technologies in Europe: State of the art - Challenges - Research needs. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology - AQUA, 63(2), 124–130. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2013.007
• Van Der Werf, H.M.G., Zimmer, C. (1998): An indicator of pesticide environmental impact based on a fuzzy expert system. Chemosphere 36, 2225-2249.
• Van der Werf, H.M.G., Kanyarushoki, C., Corson, M.S. (2009): An operational method for the evaluation of resource use and environmental impacts of dairy farms by life cycle assessment. J Environ Manage 90: 3643-3652.
• Van der Werf, H.M.G., Petit, J. (2002): Evaluation of the environmental impact of agriculture at the farm level: a comparison and analysis of 12 indicator-based methods. Agr Ecosyst Environ 93:131–145.
• van Stempvoort, D., Ewert, L., Wassenaar, L. (1993): Aquifer Vulnerability Index: a GIS-compatible method for groundwater vulnerability mapping. Canadian Water Resources Journal 18(1), 25-37.
• Velthof, G. L., Hou, Y., Oenema, O. (2015): Nitrogen excretion factors of livestock in the European Union: a review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 95 (15). 3004 3014.
• Vernier, F., Miralles, A., Pinet, F., Carluer, N., Gouy, V., Molla, G., Petit, K. (2013): EIS Pesticides: An environmental information system to characterize agricultural activities and calculate agro-environmental indicators at embedded watershed scales. Agricultural Systems 122, 11-21.
• Vilain, L., (2008): La méthode IDEA: indicateurs de durabilité des exploitations agricoles. Educagri Editions, Dijon
• Visser, A., Broers, J., van der Grift, B., Bierkens, M.F.P. (2007: Demonstrating trend reversal of groundwater quality in relation to time of recharge determined by 3H/3He. Environmental Pollution. 2007, 148, 797-807.
• Vogel, E., Deumlich, D., and Kaupenjohann, M. (2016): Bioenergy maize and soil erosion - Risk assessment and erosion control concepts. Geoderma 261, 80-92.
• Wang, F., Wang, L., Chen, X., Yoon, J., (2014): Recent progress in the development of fluorometric and colorimetric chemosensors for detection of cyanide ions, Chem. Soc. Rev. 43 4312-4324.
• Wang, P., Wang, M., Zhou, F., Yang, G., Qu, L., Miao, X. (2017): Development of a paper-based, inexpensive, and disposable electrochemical sensing platform for nitrite detection. Electrochemistry Communications 81, 74-78.
• Wang, P.L., Lin, Z.Y., Su, X.O., Tang, Z.Y., (2017): Application of Au based nanomaterials in analytical science, Nano Today 12 64-97.
• Wang, Q., Yang, J., Dong, Y., Zhang, L., (2015): One-step fabrication of a multifunctional magnetic nickel ferrite/multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanohybrid-modified electrode for the determination of benomyl in food. J. Agric. Food Chem. 163 (19), 4746-4753.
• Wardak, C. (2014): Solid contact nitrate ion-selective electrode based on ionic liquid with stable and reproducible potential. Electroanalysis 26, (4) 864-872
• Wauchope, R.D., Yeh, S., Linders, J.B., Kloskowski, R., Tanaka, K., Rubin, B., Katayama, A., Kördel, W., Gerstl, Z., Lane, M., Unsworth, J.B. (2002): Pesticide soil sorption parameters: theory, measurement, uses, limitations and reliability. Pest Management Science, 58(5): 419-445.
• Webb, J., Sorensen, P., Velthof, G. L., Amon, B., Pinto, M., Rodhe, L., Salomon, E., Hutchings, N., Burczyk, J., Reid, J. E. (2013): An assessment of the variation of manure nitrogen efficiency throughout Europe and an appraisal of means to increase manure-N efficiency. Advances in Agronomy 119. 371-442.
• Wenneker, M., Beltman, W. H. J., De Werd, H., van Zeeland, M. G., van der Lans, A. M., Van der Weide, R. Y. (2010): Quantifying point source entries of pesticides in surface waters. Aspects of Applied Biology, 99, 69-74.
• Whitelaw, G., Vaughan, H., Craig, B., and Atkinson, D. (2003): Establishing the Canadian Community Monitoring Network. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 88, 409-418.
• WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2002): Water and health in Europe. A joint report from the European Environment Agency and the WHO Regional Office for Europe. WHO Regional Publications. European Series, 7(93), III–XXIII, 1-222. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12353489
• Wick, K., Heumesser, C., Schmid, E. (2012): Groundwater nitrate contamination: Factors and indicators. Journal of environmental management, Nov. 30, 111(3), 178-186.
• Williams, J.R., Kissel, D.E. (1991): Water percolation: an indicator of nitrogen-leaching potential. In: Follet RF, Keeney DR, Cruse RM (eds) Managing nitrogen for groundwater quality and farm profitability. Soil Science Society of America, Inc, Madison, 59-83.
• Wong, A., Silva, T.A., Caetano, F.R., Bergamini, M.F., Marcolino-Junior, L.H., Fatibello-Filho, O., Janegitz, B.C. (2017): An Overview of Pesticide Monitoring at Environmental Samples Using Carbon Nanotubes-Based Electrochemical Sensors. C , 3, 8.
• Woods, R., Bidwell, V., Clothier, B., Green, S., Elliott, S., Shankar, U., Harris, S., Hewitt, A., Gibb, R., Parfitt, R., Wheeler, D. (2006): The CLUES project: predicting the effects of land-use on water quality – stage II. NIWA client report: HAM2006–096, July 2006 NIWA Project: MAF05502. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Christchurch
• World Health Organization (2000): Chapter 2 - Chemistry of Disinfectants and Disinfectant By-Products. EHC 216: Disinfectants Disinfectant By- Products, 27–109. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/ehc/216_disinfectants_part_2.pdf
• Wu, L., Letey, J., French, C., Wood, Y., Bikie, D. (2005): Nitrate leaching hazard index developed for irrigated agriculture. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 60: 90A-95A.
• Wu, P., Hou, X.D., Xu, J.J., Chen, H.Y. (2016): Ratiometric fluorescence, electrochemiluminescence, and photoelectrochemical chemo/biosensing based on semiconductor quantum dots. Nanoscale 8 8427-8442.
• Wu, P., Yan, X.P. (2013): Doped quantum dots for chemo/biosensing and bioimaging. Chem. Soc. Rev. 42 5489-5521.
• Wu, P., Zhao, T., Wang, S.L., Hou X.D. (2014): Semicondutor quantum dots-based metal ion probes. Nanoscale 6 43-64.
• Li, X.M., Zhang, F., Zhao, D.Y. (2015): Lab on upconversion nanoparticles: optical properties and applications engineering via designed nanostructure. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44 (2015) 1346-1378.
• Xu, Q., Du, S., Jin, G.D., Li, H.B., Hu, X.Y., (2011): Determination of acetamiprid by a colorimetric method based on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles. Microchim. Acta 173 323-329.
• Xue, D., Botte, J., De Baets, B., Accoe, F., Nestler, A., Taylor, P., et al. (2009): Present limitations and future prospects of stable isotope methods for nitrate source identification in surface- and groundwater. Water Research, 43(5), 1159-1170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.12.048
• Yan, X., Li H., Su, X., (2018): Review of optical sensors for pesticides. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 103, 1-20.
• Yang, J., Wang, P., Zhang, X., Wu, K. (2009): Electrochemical sensor for rapid detection of triclosan using a multiwall carbon nanotube film. J. Agric. Food Chem. , 57, 9403–9407.
• Yang, J., Wang, Q., Zhang, M., Zhang, S., Zhang, L. (2015): An electrochemical fungicide pyrimethanil sensor based on carbon nanotubes/ionic-liquid construction modified electrode. Food Chem.,187, 1-6.
• Yuan, F.L., Li, S.H., Fan, Z.T., Meng, X.Y., Fan, L.Z., Yang, S.H. (2016): Shining carbon dots: synthesis and biomedical and optoelectronic applications. Nano Today 11 565-586.
• Yue, G.Z., Su, S., Li, N., Shuai, M.B., Lai, X.C., Astruc, D., Zhao, P.X. (2016): Gold nanoparticles as sensors in the colorimetric and fluorescence detection of chemical warfare agents. Coord. Chem. Rev. 311 75-84.
• Zhang, K., Zhou, H.B., Mei, Q.S., Wang, S.H., Guan, G.J., Liu, R.Y., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z.P. (2011): Instant visual detection of trinitrotoluene particulates on various surfaces by ratiometric fluorescence of dual-emission quantum dots hybrid, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 8424-8427.
• Zhang, L., Zhang, M., Ren, H., Pu, P., Kong, P., Zhao, H. (2015): Comparative investigation on soil nitrate-nitrogen and available potassium measurement capability by using solid-state and PVC ISE. Comput. Electron. Agric. 112, 83-91.
• Zhang, Y., Kang, T.-F., Wan, Y.-W., Chen, S.-Y. (2009): Gold nanoparticles-carbon nanotubes modified sensor for electrochemical determination of organophosphate pesticides. Microchim. Acta, 165, 307-311.
• Zrimsek, A.B., Chiang, N.H., Mattei, M., Zaleski, S., McAnally, M.O., Chapman, C.T., Henry, A.I., Schatz, G.C., Van Duyne R.P. (2017): Single-molecule chemistry with surfaceand tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy., Chem. Rev. 117 7583-7613.